The
selection of evaporator materials needs to consider various factors,
including the properties of the material, such as acidity, alkalinity,
chloride and fluoride ion content, corrosion resistance, operating conditions
(like temperature and pressure), and the performance requirements of the
equipment. Below are some common scenarios for the selection and application
of evaporator materials:
I. Considering Material Properties
Non-corrosive or Low-corrosive Materials: For materials that are
non-corrosive or have low corrosion, carbon steel can be selected as the
evaporator material. Carbon steel has a lower cost and is suitable for
environments with no special requirements.
Materials with Cleanliness Requirements or Mild Corrosion: For materials
with cleanliness requirements or mild corrosion, 304 stainless steel is
recommended. 304 stainless steel has good processing performance and
toughness, can withstand temperatures up to 800°C, and is widely used in the
industrial and furniture decoration industries. Materials with Strong Corrosion but Low Chloride Ion Content: In this case,
316L stainless steel is a better choice. 316L has a wide range of
applications in the chemical industry due to its excellent corrosion
resistance, especially after adding 2-3% Mo element, which enhances its
corrosion resistance and is suitable for corrosion resistance requirements in
high-temperature environments.
Materials Containing Chloride Ions: For materials containing chloride ions,
under acidic operating conditions, duplex stainless steel or titanium
materials are more suitable choices. Duplex stainless steel, such as 2205
alloy, has high strength and good stress corrosion resistance, especially
suitable for temperature ranges of -50°F to +600°F. Titanium materials, with
their light weight, high strength, and strong corrosion resistance, excel in
extremely corrosive environments.
II. Considering Operating Conditions
Temperature: Different materials have different high-temperature resistance
properties, so the appropriate material needs to be selected based on the
operating temperature. For example, 304 stainless steel can withstand
temperatures up to 800°C, while titanium materials have a higher melting
point and are suitable for higher temperature environments.
Pressure: The design pressure of the evaporator is also one of the factors
to consider when selecting materials. Some high-strength materials, such as
duplex stainless steel and titanium, maintain stable performance in
high-pressure environments.
III. Considering Equipment Performance Requirements
Corrosion Resistance: For evaporators that need to operate in corrosive
media for a long time, materials with high corrosion resistance should be
selected, such as 316L stainless steel, duplex stainless steel, or
titanium.
Cost: The selection of materials also needs to consider cost factors.
Generally, titanium has the highest price, followed by duplex stainless steel
and 316L stainless steel, while 304 stainless steel is relatively lower.
Therefore, under the premise of meeting performance requirements, materials
with lower costs should be selected as much as possible.
IV. Comprehensive Evaluation and Selection
In practical applications, the selection of evaporator materials often
requires comprehensive evaluation based on specific conditions. This includes
the properties of the material, operating conditions, equipment performance
requirements, and cost, among other aspects. At the same time, factors such
as the material's machinability, welding performance, and compatibility with
other materials also need to be considered.
In summary, the selection of evaporator materials is a comprehensive
process that requires considering and balancing multiple factors. During the
selection process, it is recommended to consult professional evaporator
manufacturers or material suppliers to obtain more accurate advice and guidance. |